Eng. versions generally render אַשְׁרֵי with either happy or blessed, the former sometimes limited to “secular” contexts while the latter functions more as a “spiritual” or “religious” term (for the differences between אַשְׁרֵי and בָּרוּךְ, #1385, section 7). Thus the NIV, which is not atypical, translates אַשְׁרֵי with blessed 37× (and once with blessings), while rendering it how happy just 4× and happy once; cf., e.g., 1 Kgs 10:8 (= 2 Chron 9:7, the words of the Queen of Sheba; but note the similar